Sustainable distributed permutation flow-shop scheduling model based on a triple bottom line concept

Based on a triple bottom line concept, sustainable development is characterized by the simultaneous pursuit of economic, environmental and social goals. The implementation this concept in production scheduling can result resolution Distributed Permutation Flow Shop Scheduling Problem (DPFSP). present study conceptually shifts an energy-efficient DPFSP to DPFSP, simultaneously contributing improvements. aims not only minimize total energy consumption related production, but also, maximize, for first time, factors linked job opportunities lost working days. Different centers technologies are considered as new suppositions establish DPFSP. In regard, novel multi-objective mixed integer linear model developed. To manage high complexity proposed model, learning-based heuristic established, extension Social Engineering Optimizer (SEO). applicability determined context wood industry Canada. Several simulated tests verify model. compared with one other well-known, recent state-of-the art methods. order guarantee fair comparison, Taguchi method used tune parameters algorithms. Finally, sensitivity analyses done assess efficiency